You should know:

• What are 4 stages of the sexual response cycle according to Masters and Johnson? How do these 4 stages differ from the conceptualization of the sexual response cycle by other researchers?
• What physiological changes occur during the excitement phase of the sexual response cycle of males? of females?
• What is vasocongestion? What physiological changes occur in the sexual response cycle because of it?
• What are the three components of a reflex reaction? What do each do?
• Explain how the erection in males can be considered a reflex reaction. What are the receptors, transmitters and effectors for these type of reflexes? How do they work?
• What is myotonia? What bodily changes are caused by this during sexual arousal?
• What physiological changes occur during the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle of males? of females?
• What is the orgasmic platform? How is it formed?
• What happens to the body during orgasm? Which organs contract in males and females?
• What is meant by the preliminary (emission) and second (ejaculation) stage of orgasm in males?
• Explain the reflex reaction controlling emission. What are the receptors, transmitters and effectors?
• Explain the reflex reaction controlling ejaculation. What are the receptors, transmitters and effectors?
• What is the difference between orgasm and ejaculation?
• What did Freud mean by clitoral and vaginal orgasm? How were they different and what did they imply about sexual maturity in women?
• What 3 types of orgasm did Singer and Singer suggest women experienced? How are they the same or different?
• What 3 types of orgasm did Lada, Perry and Whipple suggest women experienced? How are they the same or different? How do they compare with those suggested by Singer and Singer?
• According to Masters and Johnson, is there only 1 type of orgasm or more than one? Why?
• What is a multiple orgasm? Are women the only people who experience them?
• What is the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle? What physiological changes occur during this phase?
• What is the refractory period? Are men the only people who experience them?
• What is sexual desire? How do our senses contribute to this?
• What are erogenous zones? Can you form a complete list of them? Why?
• What are phermones? How are they supposed to affect sexual attraction? Do they work in humans? Why?
• What are aphrodisiacs? Are they real? Why are alcohol or marijuana sometimes considered aphrodisiacs?

This is not necessarily a complete list of topics covered. Please consult your text and lecture notes for omissions.

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